UNITED    STATES    FOOD    ADMINISTRATION 


WAR 

SERVICE 


^    in  the  home 


5  JUN13  1938I 


Washington: 

Government  Printing  Office 

November,  1917 


TO  THIS  TASK 

"we  dedicate  our  lives,  and  our  fortunes,  every- 
thing that  we  are  and  everything  that  we  have." 

— President  Wilson. 


uw-  WAR 

SERVICE 

in  the  home 

WHAT  YOU  CAN  DO. 

EVERYONE  must  help  if  we  are  to  win.  The 
soldier  must  obey  orders  or  there  will  be  no 
army.  The  people  must  be  one  or  there 
will  be  no  nation.  So  that  we  win,  all  of  us  must 
Follow  directions. 

This  is  Your  War  guide  for  use  in  Your  home. 

It  tells  you  what  foods  we  must  save  to  pro- 
vision ourselves  and  our  allies;  it  tells  how  we  can 
stretch  our  supplies  so  everyone  will  have  enough — 
without  any  hurt  to  your  health  or  your  strength. 

Your  Government  does  not  ask  you  to  give  up 
three  square  meals  a  day — nor  even  one.  All  it 
asks  is  that  you  eat  less  of  the  foods  we  need  to 
keep  the  armies  going  and  eat  all  you  want  of  the 
other  things  that  we  have  in  plenty. 

Eat  plenty — keep  up  your  strength  and  your  vim 
to  help  win  the  war.  You  have  dedicated  to  the 
Nation  everything  that  you  have;  you  are  asked 
now  to  give  up — just  some  habits  of  the  kitchen 
and  table. 

America  and  her  Allies  must  not  run  out  of 
Wheat,  Meat,  or  Fats.  If  we  let  that  happen, 
Germany  will  win  the  war. 

We  must  save  Sugar,  use  every  drop  of  Milk, 
and-— we  must  learn  to  Follow  directions. 


War      Service      in     the     Home 


FOOD  WILL  WIN  THE  WAR. 

IF  you  have  given  a  son  or  brother  or  husband 
to  fight;  if  your  v^^ife  or  daughter  or  sister  is 
nursing  at  the  front;  if  you  have  subscribed  for 
Liberty  Bonds  or    Red  Cross;   if  you    aid    war 
orphans  or  cripples;  if  doing  all  these  things  you 
think  you  have  done  your  share, 

KNOW    THE    GRIM    TRUTH. 

All  the  blood,  all  the  heroism,  all  the  money  and 
munitions  in   the  world   will  not   win   this  war 

UNLESS     OUR    ALLIES    AND    THE     ARMIES     BEHIND 
THEM  ARE  FED. 

They  will  not  be  fed  unless  we  take  care; 
indeed,  if  we  are  not  prudent  we,  too,  shall  go 
hungry.  Protect  our  supplies,  then,  that  they  may 
be  fed,  that  your  sacrifice  of  life  and  money  be  not 
in  vain. 

Lest  we  lose  the  Great  Cause,  do  you  stand 
guard,  each  day,  in  your  home,  over  your  supply  of 

Wheat,  Meat,  Fats,  Sugar,  Milk. 

Use  here  the  foods  that  we  have  to  spare  so  we 
will  be  able  to  supply  the  needs  "over  there." 

4 


War      Service     in     the     Home 


USES  OF  FOODS. 

ALL  foods  yield  energy.  All  living  requires 
energy.  Foods  also  build  the  body,  regu- 
late its  processes  and  keep  it  going.  Most 
foods  are  useful  in  more  ways  than  one. 

One  class,  the  proteins — such  as  meat,  milk, 
eggs — are  useful  chiefly  as  tissue  builders. 
Starches  and  sugar  are  used  chiefly  for  energy, 
while  fruits  and  vegetables  furnish  mineral  salts 
and  bulk. 

A  well-chosen  diet  contains  material  for  growth, 
repair,  reproduction,  energy,  and  regulation,  and 
so  requires  a  careful  selection  from  each  class  of 
foodstuffs. 

If  one  would  choose  wisely,  one  must  know  food 
values  in  terms  of  cost  and  the  use  of  food  in  the 
body.  When  we  start  to  save  we  have  to  figure  so 
that  every  need  is  met  somewhere  in  the  day's 
three  meals. 

The  Farmers'  Bulletins  published  by  the  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  tell  more  fully  these  values. 
They  are: 

What  the  Body  Needs,  No.  808. 
Cereal  Foods,  No.  817. 
Foods  Rich  in  Protein,  No.  824. 
Fresh  Fruits  and  Vegetables,  No.  871. 

The  following  table  will  help  to  wise  choice. 
Study  it. 


War      Service      in     the     Home 


HELPS  TO  A  WISE  CHOICE. 


TAKE    FROM    EACH    CLASS. 

Use    sparingly  the    Foods   printed    in    Capital 
letters.      Use  freely  all  others. 


PROTEIN. 

Dried  Beans 

Fish 

MUTTON 

PORK 

BEEF 

Game 

Nuts 

Poultry 

Cheese 

Milk 

Dried  Peas 

VEAL 

Eggs 

FATS. 

BACON 

Cottonseed  Oil       Margarine 

Peanut  Oil 

BUTTER 

CREAM 

Nut  Butter ine 

SALT  PORK 

Corn  Oil 

HAM 

Olive  Oil 

SUGARS. 

CANDY 

Figs 

Jams 

Raisins 

Dates 

Honey 

Molasses 

SUGAR   (cane, 

Dried  fruits 

Jellies 

Prunes 

STARCHES. 

beet,  maple) 

Barley 

Cornstarch 

Potatoes  (sweet) 

WHEAT 

Cereal  Foods 

CRACKERS          Rice 

WHITE  BREAD 

Chestnuts 

Oats 

Rye 

Corn  meal 

Potatoes  (I 

rish)     Tapioca 

REGULATORS  (MINERALS, 

ACIDS)o 

FRUITS. 

VEGETABLES. 

Apples 

Melons 

Cabbage 

Onions 

Bananas 

Oranges 

Celery 

Salads 

Berries 

Pears 

Green  Peas 

Squash 

Lemons 

Greens  or 

String  Beans 

Pot  Herbs 

Tomatoes 

War      Service      in     the     Home 

EAT  YOUR  WAR  BREAD  NOW. 

BREAD  we  must  have.  But  millions  of  people 
get  along  very  well  who  never  taste  wheat. 
It  won't  hurt  us  to  do  with  less  wheat. 

Notice  in  the  table,  WHITE  BREAD  is  printed 
in  capital  letters.  That  means  save  WHEAT. 
We  must  stretch  our  supply  or  there  v^on't  be 
enough  for  ourselves  and  our  allies. 

Use  4  pounds  of  wheat  flour  instead  of  5  and 
the  thing  is  done.  Eat  com  bread,  rye  bread,  oat- 
meal bread  and  cakes,  barley  scones,  rice,  potatoes. 

Save  one  pound  a  week  for  everyone  in  the 
United  States  and  it  gives  us  133,000,000  bushels 
more  this  year  for  our  allies.  They  can  pull 
through  with  that.     Without  it,  they  can't. 

Use  other  cereals  with  wheat  to  make  bread. 
Mix  wheat-and-oatmeal  or  wheat-and-cornmeal. 
It's  better  to  grow  on  than  wheat  alone. 

Eat  a  baked  potato  instead  of  the  other  slice 
of  bread  when  potatoes  are  plentiful. 

Cut  down  on  pie  and  cake.  Use  cornmeal  in 
making  them.  The  wheat  flour  you  save  will 
keep  a  soldier  in  the  trenches. 

When  you  do  eat  wheat  bread,  save  every 
crumb.  Cut  it  at  the  table  so  there  will  be  no 
stale  slices  left.  Make  crusts  and  crumbs  into 
puddings,  muffins,  baked  dishes,  griddle  cakes. 

Share  your  WHEAT  with  the  Allies. 

Better  eat  war  bread  now  than  eat  the  black 
bread  of  Germany  later. 


fF  ar      Service      in     the     Home 


WHY  MEAT  IS  SO  HIGH. 

1\ /TEAT  is  bound  to  be  dear.  It  was  scarce 
■*-  ^  -*•     and  high  before  the  war. 

For  years  the  number  ot'  people  in  this  country 
has  been  increasing  faster  than  the  number  of 
Meat  Animals.  Much  of  the  open  country  out 
west  where  cattle  used  to  range  by  hundreds  of 
thousands  has  been  fenced  into  farms. 

Then  came  anthrax,  foot  and  mouth  disease, 
hog  cholera — one  plague  after  another. 

Four  years  ago  our  Government  began  a  great 
campaign  for  more  live  stock,  just  to  feed  us 

IN  PEACE  TIMES. 

War  doubles  and  trebles  the  demand  for  our 
meat.  We  must  provide  meat  for  the  boys  in 
the  trenches.  We  must  stretch  our  meat  supply. 
We  must  SAVE  meat  to  save  ourselves. 

We  can.  Eat  fish;  it's  as  hearty  as  meat. 
Eat  poultry;  it  does  not  make  army  rations.  Use 
milk,  eggs,  and  cheese;  they  are  almost  the  same 
as  meat. 

Peanut  butter  and  vegetable  oils  are  good  fats. 
Dried  beans,  peas,  and  grains  take  the  place  of 
meat  if  milk  is  used  with  them,  or  cheese  or  eggs, 
or  plenty  of  green  vegetables. 

One  ounce  of  meat  a  day  for  everyone  in  the 
country    amounts    to    the    meat    from    4,400,000 
animals  in  a  year.     Save  your  ounce.     It's  a 
little  thing  to  do  to  save  your  country. 
8 


War      Service      in     the     Home 

FATS  ARE  DOUBLY  PRECIOUS. 

FATS  are  the  most  precious  thing  in  this  war. 
Germany  is  nearer  breaking  for  want  of  fats 
than  any  other  one  thing. 

Hindenbujg  himself  not  long  ago  gave  notice 
that  unless  his  troops  and  the  munition  makers  got 
more  fats — something  would  happen  in  Germany. 

Fats  supply  energy.  When  people  go  hungry 
they  draw  on  the  fats  in  their  bodies.  When  that 
is  gone  they  are  an  easy  prey  to  disease.  Some 
fats  have  stuff  in  them  for  growth.  Without  fats, 
people  weaken  and  v/aste  away. 

Cur  armies  use  fat  by  shipload.  Glycerin, 
which  comes  from  FAT,  is  one  of  the  chief  things 
for  making  modern  explosives.  We  must  have 
fats  to  keep  up  the  fight. 

Save  Fats.  Do  not  limit  your  supplies  of  milk 
and  table  butter  and  cheese,  but  consume  all;  don't 
waste  any.  You  can  cut  the  consumption  of  fats 
by  reducing  pastry  and  fried  foods.  Use  cotton- 
seed or  com  oil  or  peanut  oil  for  cooking.  Use 
drippings. 

Trim  your  own  meat  and  melt  the  fat.  Don't 
let  a  scrap  get  into  the  garbage  pail. 

Waste  no  soap,  save  the  scraps;  it's  made  of 
fats.  Fats  that  can  not  be  used  for  cooking  should 
be  saved  and  made  into  soft  soap. 

Our  waste  of  animal  fat  has  been  awful.     Save  it. 
Cut  down  your  consumption  at  least  one-third  of  an 
ounce  a  day.     That  is  enough  to  make  400,000  tons 
a  year,  if  all  America  saves  its  precious  FATS. 
9 


fV  ar      Service      in     the     Home 


WHY  WE  MUST  SAVE  SUGAR. 

AMERICANS  eat  more  sugar  than  other  folks 
do,  more  than  is  really  good  for  them.  We 
have  been  using  four  ounces  apiece  daily, 
other. people  half  as  much.  And  now  our  Allies 
are  down  to  one  ounce  a  day — or  less. 

Till  the  new  crop  comes  in,  there  is  not  enough 
sugar  in  the  countiy  to  give  us  our  usual  allow- 
ance. We  may  have  to  cut  down  on  sugar, 
whether  we  choose  or  not. 

During  the  canning  season  you  were  told  to 
use  sugar  for  preserving,  because  by  eating  pre- 
serves we  save  fats.     Otherwise — SAVE  SUGAR. 

Instead  of  four  ounces  a  day,  use  not  more  than 
two.  That  is  more  than  folks  have  in  Europe. 
Save  at  least  an  ounce  of  sugar  a  day. 

Give  the  children  sirup,  honey,  molasses,  pre- 
serves. It's  better  for  them  than  candy.  Munch 
raisins  if  you  crave  sweets.  Go  light  on  sugar  in 
tea  and  coffee.  Don't  leave  any  in  the  bottom  of 
the  cup.  Stint  yourself  on  sweet  drinks.  Eat 
your  cake  without  frosting. 

Nibbling  sweets  to  tickle  the  palate  never  did 
anyone  any  good.  Too  much  makes  a  body  logy. 
And  now  that  sugar  is  wanted  to  win  the  war,  it's 
a  sin  to  use  any  for  mere  indulgence. 

One  ounce  a  day — that's  all  it  takes  to  make  a 
stock  of  1,185,000  tons  this  year  for  our  Army  and 
our  Allies.  Saving  that  ounce  a  day  is  part  of 
YOUR  WAR  SERVICE. 

10 


fF  ar      Service      in     the     Home 

OUR  MILK  SUPPLY  IS  SHORT. 

THE  WORLD  is  desperately  hard  up  for 
butter  and  milk.  For  small  children  nothing 
can  take  the  place  of  milk;  they  die  if  they 
don*t  get  it.  For  grown  folks  it  is  the  next  thing 
to  meat. 

MILK  from  the  cow  is  almost  a  complete  food. 
Skim  milk  is  nearly  the  same  in  food  value  as 
lean  meat.  One  quart  of  milk  has  more  fuel 
stuff  than  half  a  pound  of  good  beefsteak,  more 
than  eight  eggs. 

Before  the  war  we  had  a  tough  problem  to  get 
milk  enough.  On  top  of  that  we  are  sending  ten 
times  as  much  condensed  milk  to  Europe  as  we 
did  five  years  ago. 

On  top  of  that  our  Allies  have  been  killing  their 
dairy  cattle  for  food  to  an  alarming  extent.  They 
had  to  because  they  needed  the  meat  and  were 
short  of  cattle  feed. 

Our  own  dairy  herds  are  less  than  they  were  as 
so  many  have  been  slaughtered  because  of  the  high 
price  of  feed — and  because  farm  hands  are  scarce 
to  milk  the  cows. 

MILK  is  too  valuable  to  waste.  Give  it  to  the 
children  to  drink,  or  if  you  give  them  skim  milk, 
give  plenty  of  butter  to  match  it  up.  Drink 
SKIM  MILK,  use  it  in  cooking. 

If  it  sours  it  is  still  good  for  cooking  or  for 
making  cottage  cheese. 

Don't  let  a  drop  of  MILK  be  wasted. 

11 


War      Service      in     the     Home 

YOUR  COUNTRY'S  CALL. 

YOU  would  give  your  life  for  your  country. 
You  would  scorn  an  American  whose  patriot- 
ism ended  with  waving  flags,  cheering  the 
troops  and   standing  up  when   the  band   plays. 
You  want  to  serve  your  country. 

Are  you  willing  to  do  what  your  Government 
asksr'    Are  you  willing  to  follow  directions? 

Are  you  so  comfortably  fixed  that  you  can 
afford  to  eat  what  you  please?  Ah,  but  you  can't 
afford  to  eat  what  your  country  needs.     Follow 

DIRECTIONS. 

Are  you  saving  now  of  your  slender  means  all 
you  possibly  can?  Still,  as  far  as  your  circum- 
stances permit,  Follow  directions. 

Have  you  servants  who  can't  be  made  to  under- 
stand? It  is  your  chore  to  see  that  they  do. 
Follow  directions. 

Follow  directions.  To-day  the  direction  is  to 
save  two  slices  of  bread,  an  ounce  of  meat,  an 
ounce  of  sugar,  a  snitch  of  butter.  To-morrow  as 
conditions  change,  there  will  be  new  directions. 
Follow  directions. 

Follow  directions.  If  Germany  wins  you  will 
be  obeying  orders  given  by  someone  you  will  not 
care  to  obey.  Your  government  asks  you  to  prove 
that  free  people  can  follow  directions. 

Follow  directions.  If  we  fail  in  this,  the  war 
will  drag  on.  As  we  succeed,  we  shall  sooner  have 
peace.    Follow  directions. 

Index  No.  E-6.  12  c  i — 403 


